A note from your clinician
A strong starting point. Your fitness, heart and body composition are in good shape for 48, and your BodyAge is well below your actual age. The main job for the next 8 weeks is evening up your left and right sides.
- John Evans
Your results
14 of your 16 results are within the expected range. 1 has room to improve. 1 is a good place to focus first.
Doing well Room to improve Focus first Lower than usual, healthy For your information
What this all means
Overall, this is a strong set of results. Your fitness, grip strength, lungs, longevity age and heart are where we would want them. Most of your body composition results are healthy too. The main thing to work on is the balance between your left and right sides, both in the work each side does and in the muscle each side carries. Some results from different tests point the same way, and we have put them side by side further down the page. Changes like these often respond well to steady, targeted work. With your fitness in such good shape, you are starting from a strong base. We will measure again at your next visit so you can see how things are moving.
Your top things to work on
Start here. Small, steady steps add up, and every choice counts.
- Left and right sides: Talk this through with your clinician, who can plan exercises for your weaker side.
- Muscle balance, left and right: Add single-leg and single-arm exercises, and start each set with your weaker side. We will check your balance again at your next visit.
Results that point the same way
Some of your results from different tests point in the same direction. They are shown together so you and your clinician can look at them side by side. On their own they do not explain why.
Your right arm
- Tanita: less muscle in the right arm (3.5 kg against 3.9 kg)
- Tanita: lower phase angle in the right arm (9° against 9.8°)
Your left leg
- Jump (pushing off): the left side did 11% less
- Squat (standing up): the left side did 6.4% less
- Standing still: 9.7% less weight on the left leg
- Single-leg balance: more sway standing on the left leg (29% more)
Your clinician's interpretation
These differences between your sides make sense with your history. The gap between your legs fits with the old meniscus (knee cartilage) injury, and the difference between your arms fits with the Parsonage-Turner syndrome (acute brachial neuritis), a nerve inflammation that can leave the shoulder and arm muscles weaker for a long time afterwards.
Your spondylolisthesis (where one bone in the lower back has slipped slightly forward) means we build up the load gradually and keep your trunk strong as we go.
None of this is new, and none of it stops you training. Differences like these often respond well to steady single-leg and single-arm work, and the retest will show us how much has changed.
- John Evans
Tap any result to see what it means and what you can do.
📄 In the patient portal, your original reports from each device sit below this page, ready to open. They are not included in this sample.
Your longevity age
Longevity age (estimate)The age your results match: each result is turned into the age at which an average person of your sex has it, then weighted together.about 32 years16 years younger than your age
Each of your results is turned into the age at which an average person of your sex has that result. Weighted together, they come to about 32. That is 16 years younger than your actual age of 48.
- Fitness (estimated): about 30 18 years younger than your age
- Strength (grip): at the peak for any age (an average 30 to 35 year old) 16 years younger than your age
- Lungs: about 22 26 years younger than your age (a rough guide: the breathing test quality was lower)
- Skin (AGE Reader): 41 7 years younger than your age
- Body composition (Tanita metabolic age): 33 15 years younger than your age
Younger than your years
What this means: Taken together, your results match someone at or below your actual age. It is an estimate, not a medical test, but it is a good sign.
What you can do: Look at the parts: the youngest show your strengths, and the oldest are where effort pays most. We will follow this number at each visit.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training; Strength and Power; Nutrition; Sleep
Body composition
Body fatBody fat is the share of your weight that is fat. The rest is muscle, bone and water.10.4%Lean
Your body fat was 10.4%. For men aged 40 to 59, the healthy range in the study is 11% to under 22%. Yours is below it. The bottom of that range is simply where BMI is 18.5, so it is not a health limit for lean or muscular people.
Lean
What this means: Your body fat is below the usual range for your age, but above the level your body needs. For people who train regularly, that is common and healthy.
What you can do: Keep eating enough to fuel your training, with protein at every meal. Mention it to your clinician if you feel tired or run down, or have lost weight without trying.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training; Strength and Power; Nutrition
BMIBMI is a rough measure of whether your weight suits your height. It cannot tell muscle from fat.23.1Doing well
Your BMI was 23.1 (worked out from your weight and height). The World Health Organization's healthy range for adults is 18.5 to under 25. Yours is within the healthy range.
Keep it up
What this means: Your weight suits your height. We read BMI alongside your body fat, because muscle is heavy too.
What you can do: Keep doing what you are doing.
In your booklet: Strength and Power; Nutrition
Visceral fatVisceral fat is the fat stored deep inside your tummy, around your organs.5Doing well
Your visceral fat rating was 5. On the Tanita's scale, 1 to 9 is healthy, 10 to 14 is high, and 15 or more is very high.
Keep it up
What this means: Your visceral fat is within the healthy band. That is good news for your heart and your metabolic health.
What you can do: Keep up Zone 2, strength work and good sleep.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training; Sleep; Nutrition
Muscle balance, left and rightThis compares the muscle in your left and right arms, and your left and right legs, from your Tanita.Room to improve
Right arm 3.5 kg, left arm 3.9 kg. Your right arm has 10% less muscle.
Right leg 9.7 kg, left leg 9.5 kg. Your left leg has 2% less muscle.
- Arms: R 3.5 kg · L 3.9 kg 10% difference
- Legs: R 9.7 kg · L 9.5 kg 2% difference
Room to improve
What this means: One side has less muscle than the other, or the Tanita marks a limb outside its normal range. This is common and usually responds well to training.
What you can do: Add single-leg and single-arm exercises, and start each set with your weaker side. We will check your balance again at your next visit.
In your booklet: Strength and Power
Leg muscle scoreYour Tanita scores the muscle in your legs against your body weight. Its chart shows the score expected for your age as a line.93For your information
Your leg muscle score was 93.
For your information
What this means: Your clinician will go through where your score sits on the Tanita's chart with you.
In your booklet: Strength and Power; Nutrition
Phase anglePhase angle reflects the health of your body's cells and the quality of your muscle.8.4°Doing well
Your phase angle was 8.4°. The Tanita marks 7 degrees or more as healthy.
Keep it up
What this means: Your phase angle is in the healthy band. That suggests your muscle and cells are in good condition.
What you can do: Keep up your strength training and your protein.
In your booklet: Strength and Power; Nutrition; Sleep
Phase angle in your arms and legsThe Tanita also measures phase angle in each arm and leg. It shows where your muscle quality is strongest and where it could improve.Doing well
The Tanita marks 7 degrees or more as healthy, and 5 degrees as in-risk or ageing.
- Right Arm: 9.0° healthy
- Left Arm: 9.8° healthy
- Right Leg: 7.2° healthy
- Left Leg: 7.2° healthy
Keep it up
What this means: Your arms and legs are all in the healthy band.
What you can do: Keep up your strength training and your protein.
In your booklet: Strength and Power; Nutrition; Sleep
Muscle massThis is the total weight of muscle in your body, including your trunk, arms and legs.65.7Doing well
Your muscle mass was 65.7.
The Tanita rates this as normal for your age, sex and height.
Keep it up
What this means: Your muscle mass is in the Tanita's normal range or above for your age, sex and height.
What you can do: Keep strength training at least twice a week and eat enough protein. We will compare your muscle at each visit.
In your booklet: Strength and Power; Nutrition
Arm and leg muscle (sarcopenia check)This adds up the muscle in your arms and legs and compares it with your height. It is how doctors in Europe check for low muscle.8.4 kg/m²Doing well
The muscle in your arms and legs adds up to 26.6 kg. Divided by your height squared, that is 8.4 kg/m². The European guidance marks under 7 kg/m² as low muscle for men. Yours is above that line.
Keep it up
What this means: Your arm and leg muscle is above the line the European guidance uses for low muscle.
What you can do: Keep strength training at least twice a week and eat enough protein to hold on to it.
In your booklet: Strength and Power; Nutrition
Metabolic ageMetabolic age is the age the Tanita estimates your body composition matches.33 yearsFor your information
Your metabolic age was 33 years.
For your information
What this means: It is a rough guide and not a medical measure. Compare it with your real age and watch the trend.
What you can do: Strength, Zone 2 and good sleep all help.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training; Strength and Power
Strength
Grip strengthHow hard you can squeeze. It is a simple sign of your overall muscle strength.54.2 kgDoing well
Your best grip was 54.2 kg, with your right hand. For men of your age in the UK, the middle value is about 48 kg, and 9 in 10 grip more than 35 kg. Yours is around the 73rd centile.
Keep it up
What this means: Your grip strength is in the usual range or better for your age and sex.
What you can do: Keep up your strength training, including some carrying and pulling exercises.
In your booklet: Strength and Power; Nutrition
Strength and balance (force plates)
Left and right sidesThe force plates measure each leg on its own. This shows whether one side is doing less of the work.Focus first
Sit-to-stand (standing up): your right side did 0.4% less than your left side.
Jump (dipping down before the jump): your right side did 1.1% less than your left side.
Standing on one leg: you swayed 30% more on your left leg.
- Sit-to-stand: standing up: 0.4% right 0.4% less
- Jump: dipping down before the jump: 1.1% right 1.1% less
- Balance on one leg: L 49.2 · R 34.7 mm/s left sways 30% more
A good place to focus first
What this means: One side did much less of the work in at least one test. It is worth finding out why, for example an old injury or pain.
What you can do: Talk this through with your clinician, who can plan exercises for your weaker side.
In your booklet: Strength and Power
Fitness
Fitness (estimated VO2 max)VO2 max is how much oxygen your body can use at full effort. Here it is estimated from your activity level, age, sex and body fat.about 45 ml/kg/minDoing well
From your activity rating of 5, your age, sex and body fat, your VO2 max is estimated at about 45 ml/kg/min. Among men aged 40 to 49 tested on a treadmill, that is around the 75th percentile: excellent.
Keep it up
What this means: Your estimated fitness is in the usual range or better for your age and sex. Fitness is one of the strongest signs of long-term health.
What you can do: Keep up your Zone 2 work, and add one harder session a week to push it higher.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training
Your lungs (spirometry)
Lung functionHow much air you can blow out, and how fast, compared with people of your age, sex and height.Doing well
Total air you blew out (FVC): 5.79 L, 114.9% of predicted. That is within the expected range for your age, sex and height.
Air out in the first second (FEV1): 4.46 L, 112.1% of predicted. That is within the expected range for your age, sex and height.
Share blown out in the first second (FEV1/FVC): 77.03%. That is within the expected range for your age, sex and height.
The test was not as complete as it could be (quality grades: FEV1 D, FVC U). These numbers may read lower than your true values, so your clinician may repeat the test.
- Total air you blew out (FVC): 5.79 L, 114.9% of predicted within the expected range (z 1.12)
- Air out in the first second (FEV1): 4.46 L, 112.1% of predicted within the expected range (z 0.95)
- Share blown out in the first second (FEV1/FVC): 77.03% within the expected range (z -0.37)
Breathing well
What this means: Your breathing test results are within the expected range for your age, sex and height.
What you can do: Keep active. Regular aerobic exercise helps your lungs and heart work well together.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training
Your heart (ECG)
Heart rate (at your ECG)This is how many times your heart beat each minute during your ECG recording.53 bpmDoing well
Your heart rate at the ECG was 53 beats per minute. In a study of healthy adults, about 96 in 100 men aged 40 to 49 were between 47 and 95. Yours is within that range, toward the lower end.
Keep it up
What this means: Your heart rate was within the expected range for your age and sex. A lower resting heart rate usually goes with better fitness.
What you can do: Keep up your Zone 2 training. It is the best way to keep your resting heart rate down.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training
Heart electrical timingsThese timings show how quickly the electrical signal moves through your heart and resets between beats.Doing well
- Heart signal timing (PR interval): 176 ms Doing well
- Heart squeeze timing (QRS duration): 86 ms Doing well
- Heart reset time (QTc): 394 ms Doing well
Reassuring
What this means: All your heart timings are within the expected range for your age and sex. That is reassuring.
What you can do: Nothing to do here. Keep up your regular activity.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training
Oxygen and pulse
Blood oxygenThis is how much oxygen your blood is carrying, as a percentage.98%Doing well
Your blood oxygen level averaged 98%. In healthy adults it is usually 95% or higher. Yours is within that range.
Keep it up
What this means: Your blood oxygen was within the expected range. That is a good sign that your heart and lungs are working well together.
What you can do: Keep up your Zone 2 training. It helps your body use oxygen well.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training
Resting pulseYour pulse is how many times your heart beats each minute while you are at rest.61 bpmDoing well
Your resting pulse averaged 61 beats per minute. In a large US health survey, 9 in 10 healthy men aged 40 to 59 were between 52 and 90. Yours is within that range, toward the lower end.
Keep it up
What this means: Your resting pulse is within the expected range for your age and sex. A lower resting pulse usually goes with better fitness.
What you can do: Zone 2 is the best way to bring it down further. Start with two 30-minute sessions a week and build up.
In your booklet: Zone 2 Training; Sleep
How to read this page
These results show where you are today. They are compared with the expected range for your age and sex, or with your device's own norms.
They are a starting point for a conversation about your long-term health. They are not a diagnosis, and many of them can change.
This is general education, not personal medical advice. If you ever have chest pain, severe breathlessness, dizziness or palpitations, stop and seek medical help.
Where these ranges come from
- Longevity age: the age your results match. Chudleigh Health Hub turns each result into the age at which an average person of your sex has that result, using the published data listed here. Your longevity age is a weighted average of those ages: fitness counts 3 times (2 when it is estimated), strength twice, and lungs, skin and the Tanita's metabolic age once each. Ages are kept between 20 and 80.
Who was studied: Not taken from a single study. Each part uses its own reference data. A summary to follow over time, and a starting point for a conversation. It is not a validated measure of biological ageing, and the weights are the clinic's own choice. Fitness counts most because it is one of the strongest signs of long-term health. - Fitness age (Nes 2014, the HUNT study). Nes BM, Vatten LJ, Nauman J, Janszky I, Wisloff U. A simple nonexercise model of cardiorespiratory fitness predicts long-term mortality. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2014;46(6):1159-1165. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000219
Who was studied: About 37,000 Norwegian adults followed for around 24 years. The idea of a fitness age: the age at which your fitness is average. Here it is worked out from the FRIEND treadmill medians, not from the HUNT tables. - Fitness for your age and sex (FRIEND registry 2015). Kaminsky LA, Arena R, Myers J. Reference standards for cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing: data from the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise National Database. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2015;90(11):1515-1523. Table 3. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4919021/
Who was studied: 7,783 maximal treadmill tests of US adults aged 20 to 79 without heart disease, with oxygen use measured directly. Your number is an estimate, while these people were measured on a treadmill, so where you sit is a guide. People aged 80 and over are compared with the 70 to 79 group. - Grip strength for your age and sex (UK, Dodds 2014). Dodds RM, Syddall HE, Cooper R, et al. Grip strength across the life course: normative data from twelve British studies. PLoS One 2014;9(12):e113637. Table 2. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113637
Who was studied: About 50,000 people in Great Britain aged 4 to 90, from 12 studies. Most were measured seated, and the best try was used. The line for low grip (27 kg for men, 16 kg for women) is 2.5 standard deviations below young adult peak strength. The European sarcopenia guidance uses the same line. - Lung age (Morris and Temple 1985). Morris JF, Temple W. Spirometric 'lung age' estimation for motivating smoking cessation. Preventive Medicine 1985;14(5):655-662. Lung age from height and FEV1: men 2.87 x height (inches) - 31.25 x FEV1 (litres) - 39.375; women 3.56 x height (inches) - 40 x FEV1 (litres) - 77.28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-7435(85)90085-4
Who was studied: Healthy non-smoking adults in Oregon, USA. A guide to follow over time. A poor-quality breathing test can make the lung age read older than it is. - The AGE Reader (Diagnoptics): its own norms, as printed on your report. Printed on the participant's AGE Reader (Diagnoptics) measurement report: the average AGE level for their age, how far above or below it they are, the BodyAge, and the device's own label.
Who was studied: The device maker's own reference group, which the report does not publish. Used exactly as printed on the report. It is not checked against any other reference data. - Tanita MC-780MA: the bands on your report. Printed on the participant's Tanita MC-780MA report: the phase angle marks (7 degrees healthy, 5 'in-risk/ageing', 2 'severely malnourished'), the visceral fat scale (1 to 9 healthy, 10 to 14 high, 15 and above very high), whether each arm and leg's muscle is within Tanita's normal range, and the leg muscle score chart (the line expected for each age).
Who was studied: The device maker's own reference bands. Used as printed by Tanita. They are not checked against any other reference data. - Healthy body fat ranges (Gallagher 2000). Gallagher D, Heymsfield SB, Heo M, Jebb SA, Murgatroyd PR, Sakamoto Y. Healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000;72(3):694-701. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/72.3.694
Who was studied: 1,626 adults with a BMI of 35 or less, measured by laboratory methods. Table 4 (white and African American adults) is used. The authors call these provisional ranges worked out from BMI limits, not definitive ones. Asian adults have a different table. Body fat from a home or clinic bioimpedance scale can differ from the laboratory methods used here. - Essential body fat (American Council on Exercise). The American Council on Exercise body fat categories: essential fat is about 2 to 5% for men and 10 to 13% for women, athletes about 6 to 13% for men and 14 to 20% for women. https://www.acefitness.org/resources/everyone/tools-calculators/percent-body-fat-calculator/
Who was studied: Not a single study. A widely used guide from a fitness education body. Chudleigh Health Hub uses the top of the essential range (5% for men, 13% for women) as its line for very low body fat. Between that line and the healthy range is shown as lean, not as something to work on: the clinic's own working guide. - World Health Organization BMI groups. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. WHO Technical Report Series 894. Geneva: WHO; 2000. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9241208945
Who was studied: Adults aged 18 and over. BMI is a rough guide. It cannot tell muscle from fat. The WHO table rates the chance of weight-related conditions as average at 18.5 to 24.9, increased at 25 to 29.9 and moderate or higher at 30 and over. It says the risk is graded, begins below 25, and can differ between populations. - Left and right muscle balance: the clinic's own guide. Chudleigh Health Hub compares the muscle in your left and right arms, and your left and right legs, from your Tanita report. A difference of 10% or more is marked as room to improve, and 20% or more as a place to focus first.
Who was studied: Not taken from a study. These cut-offs are the clinic's own working guide. They are not a published standard. - Low muscle: the European sarcopenia guidance (EWGSOP2, 2019). Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age and Ageing 2019;48(1):16-31. Table 3: low muscle quantity is arm and leg muscle (appendicular skeletal muscle) under 20 kg for men and 15 kg for women, or under 7.0 kg/m2 for men and 5.5 kg/m2 for women once divided by height squared. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afy169
Who was studied: A consensus of European experts, drawing on studies of older adults. The cut-offs come mainly from DXA scans. A body composition scale estimates muscle in a different way from DXA, and hydration can affect it, so the result is a guide. The guidance looks at muscle strength first, and muscle quantity second. - Left and right sides on the force plates. VALD ForceDecks measures each leg on its own plate. The difference between the sides is given as a percentage of the stronger side. A difference of 10% or more is marked as room to improve, and 20% or more as a place to focus first.
Who was studied: Not taken from a study. These cut-offs are the clinic's own working guide. They are not a published standard. - How big a difference between sides matters (Parkinson 2021). Parkinson AO, Apps CL, Morris JG, Barnett CT, Lewis MGC. The calculation, thresholds and reporting of inter-limb strength asymmetry: a systematic review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2021;20:594-617. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2021.594
Who was studied: A review of 53 studies of strength differences between the left and right sides. Cut-offs of 10 to 15% are widely used, but the review found they are not always backed by evidence. A difference is most useful compared with your own earlier results in the same test. - Estimating fitness without an exercise test (Jackson 1990). Jackson AS, Blair SN, Mahar MT, Wier LT, Ross RM, Stuteville JE. Prediction of functional aerobic capacity without exercise testing. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1990;22(6):863-870. It uses your activity rating (0 to 7), age, sex and body fat (or BMI). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2287267/
Who was studied: 2,009 adults, mostly men (about 1 in 10 were women). The estimates were within about 5 ml/kg/min of the measured values for most people. An estimate, not a measurement. Body fat in the original study was measured with skinfolds, and a body composition scale can differ. A treadmill or bike test with breathing measurement gives the real number. - Breathing test: the predicted values printed by your spirometer. The predicted value, lower limit of normal and z-score for each result are worked out by your spirometer's software from your age, sex, height and ethnic origin, and printed on your report.
Who was studied: The reference group set in the spirometer's software. A z-score of -1.645 or above is within the expected range: about 95 in 100 healthy people of your age, sex and height are above that line. - How breathing test results are judged (ERS/ATS 2022). Stanojevic S, Kaminsky DA, Miller MR, et al. ERS/ATS technical standard on interpretive strategies for routine lung function tests. European Respiratory Journal 2022;60(1):2101499. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01499-2021
Who was studied: An international standard from the European Respiratory Society and the American Thoracic Society. Results are judged by z-scores. -1.645 or above is within the expected range. Between -1.65 and -2.5 is mildly below it, -2.5 to -4 moderately, and under -4 severely. - Dutch healthy-adult ECG study (Rijnbeek 2014). Rijnbeek PR, van Herpen G, Bots ML, Man S, Verweij N, Hofman A, Hillege H, Numans ME, Swenne CA, Witteman JCM, Kors JA. Normal values of the electrocardiogram for ages 16-90 years. Journal of Electrocardiology 2014;47:914-921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2014.07.022
Who was studied: 13,354 cardiologically healthy adults aged 16 to 90 from four Dutch population studies, mostly white. ECGs measured by one computer program. The range used is the 2nd to 98th percentile, so about 96 in 100 healthy people fall inside it. The oldest group (80 to 89) is too small for reliable limits and is not used. Different ECG machines measure intervals slightly differently. - Typical oxygen levels in healthy adults. Pulse oximetry values from 33,080 participants in the Apple Heart & Movement Study. npj Digital Medicine 2023 (introduction: among healthy awake individuals, typical SpO2 values lie in the range of 95 to 99%). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-023-00851-6
Who was studied: Healthy awake adults at rest. This is a widely used typical range and not an age- and sex-specific study. A single short reading can be affected by cold hands, movement or nail polish. - US national health survey (NHANES 1999 to 2008), resting pulse. Ostchega Y, Porter KS, Hughes J, Dillon CF, Nwankwo T. Resting pulse rate reference data for children, adolescents, and adults: United States, 1999-2008. National Health Statistics Reports no 41. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2011. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr041.pdf
Who was studied: About 14,200 US adults aged 20 and over who had no condition or medicine that affects pulse. Pulse counted by a doctor for 30 seconds after 4 minutes seated. The range used is the 5th to 95th percentile, so 9 in 10 healthy people fall inside it. The report notes that studies have linked a higher resting pulse with a higher chance of cardiovascular disease and of death from any cause.